Australia plans to set a minimum age limit for children to use social media citing concerns about mental and physical health, sparking a backlash from digital rights advocates who warn the measure could drive dangerous online activity underground.
Prime Minister Anthony Albanese said his centre-left government would run an age verification trial before introducing age minimum laws for social media this year.
Albanese didn’t specify an age but said it would likely be between 14 and 16.
“I want to see kids off their devices and onto the footy fields and the swimming pools and the tennis courts,” Albanese told the Australian Broadcasting Corp.
“We want them to have real experiences with real people because we know that social media is causing social harm,” he added.
This law will make Australia one of the first countries in the world to introduce age restrictions on social media. Previous efforts, including by the EU, have failed after complaints about curtailing children’s online rights.
Facebook and Instagram owner Meta, which has set a minimum age of 13, wants to empower young people to use its platforms and equip parents with tools to support them instead of just cutting them off.
YouTube owner Alphabet did not respond to a request for comment, and TikTok was not immediately available for comment.
Australia has one of the largest internet populations in the world, with four-fifths of its 26 million people using social media, according to technology industry statistics. Three quarters of Australians aged 12 to 17 had used YouTube or Instagram, a 2023 University of Sydney study found.
Albanese announced the age restriction plan against the backdrop of a parliamentary inquiry into social media’s effects on society, which has heard sometimes emotional testimony of poor mental health impacts on teenagers, (Australia Plans Social Media).
But the inquiry has also heard concerns about whether a lower age limit could be enforced and, if it is, whether it would inadvertently harm younger people by encouraging them to hide their online activity.
“This knee-jerk move … threatens to create serious harm by excluding young people from meaningful, healthy participation in the digital world, potentially driving them to lower quality online spaces,” said Daniel Angus, director of the Queensland University of Technology Digital Media Research Centre.
Australia’s own internet regulator, the eSafety Commissioner, warned in a June submission to the inquiry that “restriction-based approaches may limit young people’s access to critical support” and push them to “less regulated non-mainstream services”.
The commissioner said in a statement on Tuesday it would “continue working with stakeholders across government and the community to further refine Australia’s approach to online harms” which can “threaten safety across a range of platforms at any age, both before and after the mid-teen years”.
DIGI, an industry body representing social media platforms, said the government should listen to “expert voices such as the eSafety Commissioner … mental health experts, as well as LGBTQIA+ and other marginalised groups who have expressed concerns about bans so that we’re not unintentionally pushing our kids into unsafe, less visible parts of the Internet”.
